Law 3: The Players Explained
Law 3 covers the number of players in each team, the use of substitutes, temporary dismissals, and the procedures for making substitutions. It also addresses what happens when a team is reduced to fewer than seven players.
Key Points
- 1A match is played between two teams of no more than 11 players, including one goalkeeper.
- 2A match cannot start or continue if either team has fewer than seven players.
- 3The number of substitutes permitted is determined by competition rules.
- 4A substituted player may not return to the field of play.
- 5Substitutions can only be made when the ball is out of play and with the referee's permission.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many substitutes are allowed in professional football?
The Laws allow competition organisers to permit up to five substitutions per team per match. Some competitions may allow more substitutes in extra time. The maximum squad size listed on the team sheet is determined by competition rules, typically 7–9 substitutes.
Can a player who has been substituted return to the pitch?
No. Once a player has been substituted and left the field of play, they cannot return to the match. This applies even if the substitute themselves is later injured or sent off.
What happens if a team is reduced to fewer than seven players?
If a team has fewer than seven players available during the match, the referee abandons the game. The competition rules then determine the outcome, which may include awarding the match to the opposing team.
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